On transaction efficiency and China’s Urban-Rural disparity

It is recommended for economists to examine China’s Urban-Rural disparity from the perspective of transaction efficiency, in that it can provide us with a systematic explanation to both the cases of different countries and development stages. China’s Urban-Rural disparity is special and virtually a demonstration of its special transaction efficiency structure. Exploration of China’s Urban-Rural disparity from such perspective indicates that, different from those in countries with a market economy, China’s case involves many exogenous and contrived factors. Therefore, the solutions are to improve the whole transaction efficiency in the economy, which includes eliminating its regionally unfavorable policies and institutions, and enforcing more favorable and regionally balanced institutional reforms. __________ Translated from Fudan Journal (复旦学报, Social Science Edition), 2006, (1) (in Chinese)     

控制权性质影响税收敏感性吗?——基于企业劳动力需求的检验

西方学者研究表明企业所得税是劳动力需求的重要影响因素,这一理论在中国是否适用?中国大部分上市公司为国有控股企业,这一特殊的制度背景是否会影响企业所得税与劳动力需求的关系?本文基于2007年企业所得税改革这一外生政策变化,在检验西方企业所得税与劳动力需求关系的理论在中国是否适用的基础上,就不同控制权的性质是否会影响企业劳动力需求的税收敏感性进行了检验。研究发现企业所得税税率降低和"就业税盾"增加提高了企业劳动力需求,但这种税率和"就业税盾"的变化对国有控股企业劳动力需求变化的影响要显著小于非国有控股企业。这表明税收是影响企业劳动力需求的重要因素,但国有控制权使得这种税收敏感性变弱。本文的研究结果不仅丰富了相关领域的国际学术文献,而且对我国就业政策的制定具有政策含义。     

论企业文化在塑造核心竞争力诸因素中的核心地位

本文借鉴7S模型分析了塑造企业核心竞争力的影响因素和途径,运用文献和案例论证了企业文化在塑造核心竞争力的各因素中居于核心地位,指出了塑造核心竞争力的途径是运用先进的企业文化培育和谐的7S体系。     

对跨国公司人才“本土化”战略的思考

跨国公司人才“本土化”战略,对中国的优秀人才形成了掠夺态势。认真研究在开放市场经济条件 下,人力资源开发、管理的措施和办法;加快人才市场的培育,建立有竞争力的人才机制;提高我国企业国际 竞争力是十分重要的课题。     

县(市)级土地利用总体规划中耕地需求量预测方法及其应用

科学准确地预测耕地需求量,是制定县(市)级土地利用总体规划的基础.文章根据中国南方某县1996-2005年来的耕地变更调查统计数据,分别采用趋势分析法、回归分析法、指数平滑法、GM(1,1)模型法和灰色-马尔柯夫链模型的方法,对该地区耕地总量进行了模拟和预测.不同方法的预测结果表明,基于灰色-马尔柯夫链方法的预测结果更加准确可靠,更有利于土地管理决策者的经济决策行为.在当前耕地利用方式的背景下,灰色-马尔柯夫链模型可以作为县(市)级土地利用总体规划中耕地需求量预测方法的一种好选择.     

Thermodynamics and process analysis for future economic scenarios

Economists are increasingly interested in forecasting future costs and benefits of policies for dealing with materials/energy fluxes, polluting emissions and environmental impacts on various scales, from sectoral to global. Computable general equilibrium (CGE) models are currently popular because they project demand and industrial structure into the future, along an equilibrium path. But they are applicable only to the extent that structural changes occur in or near equilibrium, independent of radical technological (or social) change. The alternative tool for analyzing economic implications of scenario assumptions is to use Leontief-type Input-Output (I-O) models. I-O models are unable to endogenize structural shifts (changing I-O coefficients). However, this can be a virtue when considering radical rather than incremental shifts. Postulated I-O tables can be used independently to check the internal consistency of scenarios. Or I-O models can be used to generate scenarios by linking them to econometric macro-drivers (which can, in principle, be CGE models). Explicit process analysis can be integrated, in principle, with I-O models. This hybrid scheme provides a natural means of satisfying physical constraints, especially the first and second laws of thermodynamics. This is important, to avoid constructing scenarios based on physically impossible processes. Process analysis is really the only available tool for constructing physically plausible alternative future I-O tables, and generating materials/energy and waste emissions coefficients. Explicit process analysis also helps avoid several problems characteristic of pure CGE or I-O models, viz. (1) aggregation errors (2) inability to handle arbitrary combinations of co-product and co-input relationships and (3) inability to reflect certain non-linearities such as internal feedback loops.     

国外自主创新特征及其对我国的启示

在当代经济中,自主创新能力是企业生命力的重要标志,也是企业在全球性竞争中占据有利地位的重要保证.纵观世界各国经济的发展历程,处于领先地位的国家,总是伴随着技术的创新.可见,自主创新能力的高低,影响着一国整体实力的高低.通过论述分析国外自主创新的特征,为我国自主创新机制的完善提出建议对策.     

我国职业经理人薪酬战略选择——递延股票薪酬

职业经理人作为企业经营者中一个特殊的群体,企业应针对其特征,制定符合其价值的薪酬体系,才能具有激励职业经理人、提升企业竞争力的双重作用。本文从我国职业经理人的涵义着笔,分析了我国职业经理人的薪酬现状及其需求,在此基础上提出了我国职业经理人薪酬战略选择-递延股票薪酬。     

中国企业能力结构的创新研究

文中分析了中国企业能力结构的缺陷问题。我国企业能力结构缺陷主要表现为 :大多数中国企业能力结构的核心价值与日益变化的环境要求不相适应。解决这个问题的关键是进行企业能力结构的创新。为此 ,探讨了企业能力创新的机制与模式 ,分析了中国企业进行能力结构创新所面临的困难和对策。     

由临街地价推算区片价的方法探讨

如何利用临街样点地价推算区片平均地价及基准地价始终是城镇基准地价评估的一个难点。文章利用赤峰市的实际调查数据,分别采用临街贡献率和面积加权两种方法推算区片平均地价,并采用回归分析方法探讨区片价与临街地价之间的关系,结果证明两种方法所推算的区片平均价是基本一致的,而且区片价与临街地价之间呈“反S”曲线关系。